| Plant species | | Botanical Name | Aegle marmelos (L.) CORREA EX. SCHULTZ | | Family | RUTACEAE | | Threat Status | Vulnerable / Regional | | Used In | Ayurveda, Folk, Homeopathy, Tibetian, Unani and Sidha |
Distribution
This species is globally distributed across Indo-Malesian region and cultivated in Africa. In India, it is reported to occur in the Sub-Himalayan tracts from Jhelum eastward and also southward to the Central and Southern India. In the Peninsular India, it is restricted in the dry and moist deciduous forests of the Eastern and Western Ghats. It is present in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Tripura, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.In India, the natural presence of this species is restricted to the tropical areas receiving a mean annual rainfall of 500-2000 mm. |
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| Common Uses | The fruit, leaves and root of Bilva is used in the form of powder, juice and decoction to treat diarrhoea, sprue, piles, oedema, jaundice, vomiting, obesity, deafness, eye diseases, paediatric diseases, fever and as a rejuvinative.Diarrhoea:1.To treat diarrhoea by taking tender fruits of bilva with honey or butter milk (10-20 gms) (CS.Ci.19.113).2.In case of diarrhoea with blood, tender fruits of bilva mixed with liquid jaggery, honey and oil should be taken. (10-20 gms) (SS. U.40.119).3.Decoction of bilva and amra (Mangifera indica) (seed) mixed with honey and sugar checks vomiting and diarrhoea (10-15 gms)(VM.3.30).Jaundice
Intake of bilva leaves (juice) mixed with trikatu (piper longum, piper nigrum, zingiber officinale )alleviates jaundice, (20 ml)(CS.Ci.16.59).Vomiting:1.Cooled decoction of bilva or guduci (Tinospora cordifolia)added with honey should be taken in case of vomiting (40-60 ml) (VM.15.15; BP.Ci.17.25).2.Perched paddy mixed with sugar and dissolved in decoction of bilva root (bark) should administered to the child. It checks vomiting and diarrhoea (40 –60ml) (BS balaroga.49).
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Language
(No. of Names) | Vernacular Name | | Arabic (3) | safarjale-hindi, safarjalehindi, shul | | | | Assamese (1) | bel | | | | Bengali (2) | bael, bel | | | | Dogri (2) | bill, bill-pattri | | | | English (5) | bael fruit, bel-tree, beli, bengal quince, golden apple | | | | Garo (2) | bel, belethi | | | | Hindi (15) | bael, bael sripal, beel, beeley, beelgiri, bel, bel patri, bel-patra, bello, bil, bilva, si-phal, siri-phal, sirphal, sri-phal | | | | Homeopathy (2) | aegle folia, aegle marmelos | | | | Kannada (20) | baelada mara, belapatre, belavina, belavina mara, bellapatre, bilapatri, bilapatri-hannu, biliptari, billadu, bilpathre, bilpatre, bilpatri, bilpattiri, bilva, bilva pathre, bilva patre, bilvapatre, byaalada hannu, kumbala, malura | | | | Malayalam (10) | covalam, covalum, koovalam, kovalam, kulakam, kuvalam, kuvalap-pazham, kuvvalam, mavilavu, vilvam | | | | Manipuri (1) | heirikhagok | | | | Marathi (5) | bael, baela, bel, bili, vel | | | | Mizoram (2) | bel-thei, belthei | | | | Oriya (19) | vilva | | | | Persian (3) | safarjale-hindi, safarjalehindi, shul | | | | Sanskrit (63) | adhararuha, aritaki, asholam, atimangaliya, balva, bilva, bilvah, bilvam, bilvaphalam, bivalva, duraruha, gandhagarbha, gandhapatra, gohki, granthila, hridyagandha, kantakadhya, kantaki, kapitana, karkatavha, lakshmiphala, mahakapitha, mahakapithakhya, mahaphala, mahaphalah, malura, malurah, mangalya, nilamallika, patrashreshtha, pitaphala, putivata, sadaphala, sailusa, sailusah, salatuh, samirasara, sandilya, sandilyah, sangrahi, satyadharma, satyaphala, shailapatra, shailusha, shalatu, shalya, shandilya, shivadruma, shiveshtha, shriphala, sitanuna, sivadrumah, sriphal, sriphala, sriphalah, sunitika, tripatra, trishakhapatra, trishikha, vilva, vilvah, vilvaka, vilvapesika | | | | Tamil (114) | akuvakananmeccumilai, alluram, alukam#, alukam@, aluvigam, aluvikam, anincil, aranpucaikkerramaram2, arcanaiyati, bilva, bilvam, capalukam, catapalam2, catippattiram2, cattal2, cirettamaruntati, ciripalam, ciripalam2, ciripalamaram, cirivirutcam, civankam, civattirumaram, civattiruvam, civatturumam, iyalbudi, iyalpu@, iyalpupati, iyalputi2, kantapalai2, kantapattiram2, karkatam, karuvila1, karuvilakikamaram, karuvilakitam, karuvilam1, kentakakarpam, kentapattiram2, koovilam, kovaritaki2, kucapi, kuvilai, kuvilam, kuvilam palam, kuvinam, makakapittam, makapalai, makapalam 5, makapittam, makavali, makavalimaram, makavalli, maluram, maluramaram, maruntirkati, mavilamaram, mavilangai, mikuttikam, mikuttikamaram, mikuttiyal 2, mirutiyal, mirutiyam, mirutiyamaram, mulamukkanai, munkalantavirutcatti, mutantamuli, muvilaicci, navacikaram, nilamalikkam, nimilaiccattumuli, ninmalli, nirmatalam, pacunakam, pacunakamaram, pattiracirettam, pattiri3, piracinapanacam#, piracinapanacam@, pitapalam, pukku 2, pukkuli, pukkulimaram, putiiratam, putimarutam, putimarutamaram, putivakam, putivatam, puttiru 2, tiricakam, tiricakamaram, tiricam, tiricikam, tirucam, vailavam, vanamuli, vatacaram, vatam, vatam#, vatamaram, viccanniyam, viccanniyamaram, vil, villai, villankam, villuvam, villvam, vilva, vilva-pazham, vilvam, vilvappu, vilwam, virinikamaram, virinka, virutiyakentam, viyalputi | | | | Telugu (16) | bilva, bilva-pandu, bilvachettu, bilvamu, bilvapandu, maalaaramu, maluramu, maraedu, maredi, maredu, sailushamu, sandiliyamu, shandiliyamu, shreephalamu, sriphalamu, valaga | | | | Tibetan (4) | bi lva, bil ba, bil ba (d), ka-bed | | | | Urdu (8) | baelphal, bel, bel kham, belgiri, belgiri (bael), biligiris, chalbel, guda belgiri taza |
Parts Used
(No. of Names) | Trade Name | | Not recorded (15) | bael, bael (chakka), bael (guda), bel giri, bel ki chhal, bel mool, belgiri, belguda, belmool, biligarbha, bilwa, bilva mool, bilva, belgiri, koovalathila | | PULP (3) | bail guda, belgiri, bilpathra majja | | ROOTS (3) | bel mool, belmul, bilwamool | | FRUIT (4) | belgiri, bilgiri, koovalakkayu, vilvam | | FRUITS (2) | belgiri, bilva | | POWDER (1) | belgiri | | FRUIT PULP (2) | bil kath, bilva | | ROOT (2) | bilpatre beru, vilvam | | BARK (1) | bilva | | LEAVES (1) | bilva | | ROOT & LEAF (1) | koovalam | | ROOT&LEAF (1) | koovalam | | LEAF (1) | vilvam |
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