Species (& synonyms)	Santalum album L.
Vernacular name	Srigandha (Kan.); Sandanam (Mal. & Tam.)
Family	SANTALACEAE
Taxonomic status	Species
Habit	Tree
Habitat	Scrub jungle to deciduous forest
Original global distribution	India to Indonesia
Current regional distribution	Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu
- Elevation (m)	50 - 1,400
- Range (km^2)	> 50,000 (KA)	< 170 (KL)	> 20,000 (TN)
- Area occupied (km^2)	> 5,000 (KA)	< 50 (KL)	> 2,000 (TN)
- No. of locations	Many (KA)	6 (KL)	Many (TN)
Population Trends
- % decline	> 20 (KA)	> 50 (KL)	> 50 (TN)
- Time/Rate ( years or generations)	3 generations
- No. of mature individuals	Many (KA)	Many (KL)	Many (TN)
Global population	Not assessed
Regional population	Declining rapidly
Data quality	General field studies, informal sightings, indirect observation, literature and herbarium data.
Recent field studies	P.S.Udayan (1997), BRT hills, Asoka forest, Bevanahalli forest, Sonnatti forest, Mysore Dist.; K.Ravikumar (1997-98), Tiptur forest, Sirigere forest, Charmady Ghat, Bisle Ghat; S.P.Subramani (1997-98), Bidare kaval, Siddare betta, Nidugal, Rangapanhalli forest, Kirpoli, Lakkihalli, Balagund, Jogimatti, Garaga kaval, Yogi kolla, Kudure kanivu, Neeryhadi and Sogal (KA). N.Sasidharan (1995), Thrissur, Walayar, Chinnar, Marayur in Idukki; N.Anil Kumar (1994), Wynaad; S.Aroumougame (1994), Palakkad (KL). M.B.Viswanathan (1992-96), Kolli Hills; V.S.Ramachandran (1995), Top Slip MPCA; M.Sivadasan (1970-97), Malappuram Dist.; K.Ravikumar (1983-97), Bodi hills, Suruli forests, Thiruvanamalai forest, Thenkanikotta forest, Kodai hills, Aliyar forest and Javadi hills; P.S.Udayan (1996-97), Puliyansolai forest, Shembagathoppu forest, Sirumalai, Guttirayan and Chitheri forest; S.P.Subramani (1997-98), Sirumalai, Narthamalai, Sevalimalai (TN).
Threats	Harvest for timber (Ht), Over exploitation (Ov), Harvest for medicine (Hm), Loss of habitat due to exotic species (Lp), Disease (D), Extraction of Oil, Illegal timber extraction.
Trade	Local, commercial, International.
Other comments	Lot of research has been undertaken by ICFRE, Bangalore. Sandal spike disease in rampant. Commercially traded for timber and oil. The regeneration is more in open forests. Province research is required according to K.N.Murthy. Proportion global population in Tamil Nadu < 20%.
Status
- IUCN	VU (KA)	EN (KL)	EN (TN)
- Criteria based on	Population reduction (A1a.c.d) – KA Population reduction (Aa.c.d) – KL & TN
- CITES	No
- IWPA (1972; 91)	No
- National legialation	Not in negative list of exports (Notification 2 (RE-98) dt 13.4.98, 1997-2002)
Recommendations
- Research management	Monitoring (M), Life history studies (Lh), Habitat management (Hm).
- P.H.V.A.	No
Cultivation prog. recommendations
- Cultivation	Level 3 (research)
- Level of difficulty	Level 1 (Least difficult)
Existing cultivation	Yes
- Names of facilities	All forest department nurseries and all MPCP nurseries.
Previous assessment	EN (Regionally) & DD (Globally) in CAMP–III (Jan.‘97) compiled by M.P.Nayar, M.D.Subash Chandran, S.N.Yoganarasimhan, S.S.R.Bennet, M.B.Viswanathan, S.Aroumougame, Vinay Tandon, M.Abdul Kareem.
Sources	M.B.Viswanathan, V.S.Ramachandran, P.S.Udayan, S.Noorunnisa Begum, M.Sivadasan, K.Ravikumar, S.Aroumougame, N.Anil Kumar, N.Sasidharan (persn. observn.).
Compilers	M.Abdul Kareem, M.Ahmedullah, T.Ananda Rao, N.Anil Kumar, Anjali Wadehra, Anjana Mudappa, S.Aroumougame, S.S.R.Bennet, Dasappa, J.L.Ellis, K.R.Geetha, R.Gopalan, B.Gurudev Singh, V.P.Hiremath, V.Irudayaraj, Jagat Ram, C.R.Jawahar, P.John Jebaraj, C.G.Kushalappa, Mohan Karnat, N.Mohanan, K.N.Murthy, D.Narasimhan, M.P.Nayar, S.Noorunnisa Begum, A.G.Pandurangan, V.Prabhakaran, V.S.Ramachandran, S.R.Ramesh, K.Ravikumar, Sanjay Molur, N.Sasidharan, A.E.Shanawaz Khan, C.Seema, Y.N.Seetharam, B.V.Shetty, B.S.Somashekhar, T.S.Srinivasa Murthy, D.Stephen, Subhash Mali, S.P.Subramani, T.S.Suma, Sumy Oommen, D.Suresh Baburaj, M.H.Swaminath, P.S.Udayan, D.K.Ved, Vinay Tandon, M.B.Viswanathan.