|
Species (& synonyms) |
Garcinia indica (Thouras) Choisy |
|
Vernacular name |
Muriginaguli (Kan.); Punampuli (Mal.); Murgal-mara (Tam.). |
|
Family |
CLUSIACEAE |
|
Taxonomic status |
Species |
|
Habit |
Tree |
|
Habitat |
Coastal
to semi-evergreen forest |
|
Original global
distribution |
ENDEMIC to Western Ghats and Coastal
forests |
|
Current regional
distribution |
Maharashtra,
Goa, Karnataka and Kerala. |
|
- Elevation (m) |
50
- 1,000 |
|
- Range (km2) |
<
20,000 |
|
- Area occupied (km2) |
<
2,000 |
|
- No. of locations |
Many,
fragmented. |
|
Population Trends |
|
|
- % decline |
<
20 |
|
- Time/Rate (years or
generations) |
3
generations |
|
- No. of mature individuals |
Not
assessed |
|
Global population |
Declining |
|
Regional population |
Not
assessed |
|
Data quality |
Study
(5 reports) done by WII, Dehra Dun (Subhash Mali, 1992-98) |
|
Recent field studies |
K.Ravikumar,
P.S.Udayan and S.P.Subramani (1997-98), S.K.Border near Kudremukha MPCA and
Agumbe MPCA; P.S.Udayan, (May 1998), Kollur Ghats; S.P.Subramani (1998),
Kirpoli, Warkhad (KA). |
|
Threats |
Loss
of Habitat (L) |
|
Trade |
Local
to Global. Commercially extracted for “cintrin” in large scale for export. |
|
Other comments |
Kokum
butter from seed; rind to prepare soft drinks; C.G.Kushalappa observed its seed
collection; K.N.Murthy and Dasappa state the population decline was > 20%
in Karnataka alone and the fruits are transported to Kerala. |
|
Status |
|
|
- IUCN |
VULNERABLE |
|
- Criteria based on |
Population
reduction (A1a, 1d), Extent of Occurrence (2.B), Area of Occupancy (C1). |
|
- CITES |
No |
|
- IWPA (1972; 91) |
No |
|
- National legislation |
Not in negative list of exports
(Notification 2 (RE-98) dt 13.4.98, 1997-2002) |
|
Recommendations |
|
|
- Research management |
Taxonomical
and morphological genetic studies (T) |
|
- P.H.V.A. |
No |
|
Cultivation prog.
recommendations |
|
|
- Cultivation |
Level
3 (for research) |
|
- Level of difficulty |
Level
1 (Least difficult) |
|
Existing cultivation |
Yes |
|
- Names of facilities |
Homesteads;
Molem WLS, Goa – 1,000 individuals. |
|
Previous assessment |
VU in CAMP- II (Feb. ‘ 96) compiled and reviewed by
Michael Maunder, B.V.Shetty, S.S.R.Bennet, M.Sivadasan, N.Sasidharan,
A.G.Pandurangan, V.S.Ramachandran, S.R.Ramesh, D.K.Ved, K.Ravikumar,
C.G.Kushalappa, V.Chelladurai, M.B.Viswanathan, Vinay Tandon, Sanjay Molur,
Sally Walker, R.J.R.Daniels, B.Majumdar, K.Indira Kalyanasundaram, P.Singh,
G.S.Goraya, B.A.Daniel, B.Vijayakumar, C.Gunasekaran, Meera Iyer, M.Abdul
Kareem, S.Noorunnisa Begum, K.K.Nandawana, Pratiba Vinay, Brinda. |
|
Sources |
K.Ravikumar,
P.S.Udayan, S.P.Subramani, Subhash Mali, Dasappa, K.N.Murthy (persn.
observn.). |
|
Compilers |
N.Sasidharan,
S.S.R.Bennet, T.Ananda Rao, K.Ravikumar, M.B.Viswanathan, V.Irudayaraj, Mohan
Karnat, Subhash Mali, Sumy Oommen. |
|
Reviewers |
M.Abdul
Kareem, M.Ahmedullah, N.Anil Kumar, Anjali Wadehra, Anjana Mudappa,
S.Aroumougame, J.L.Ellis, Dasappa, K.R.Geetha, R.Gopalan, B.Gurudev Singh,
V.P.Hiremath, C.R.Jawahar, P. John Jebaraj, C.G.Kushalappa, N.Mohanan,
K.N.Murthy, D.Narasimhan, M.P.Nayar, S.Noorunnisa Begum, A.G.Pandurangan,
V.Prabhakaran, V.S.Ramachandran, S.R.Ramesh, Sanjay Molur, C.Seema,
Y.N.Seetharam, A.E.Shanawaz Khan, B.V.Shetty, B.S.Somashekhar, T.S.Srinivasa
Murthy, D.Stephen, S.P.Subramani, T.S.Suma, D.Suresh Baburaj, M.H.Swaminath,
P.S.Udayan, D.K.Ved, Vinay Tandon. |