Species	Holarrhena pubescences (Buch. Ham. ) Wall. ex. G. Don
Synonyms	H. antidysenterica ( Roth ) Wall. ex. A. DC
Family	Apocynaceae
Vernacular Name	Pandhara Kuda, Kuda, Dola Kuda, Indrajav (seeds)
Trade Name	Kuda, Kutaja
Taxonomic status	Species
Habit	Small Tree
Forest Type Microhabitat	Semi-evergreen, Moist & Dry deciduous, Open scrub Open ground
Original Global distribution	Indo Malayan
Regional distribution (Maharashtra)	Throughout Maharashtra
Elevation	0 – 1500 meters
Extent of Occurrence (EOO)	>20,000 km^2
Area of Occupancy (AOO)	>2000 km^2
No. of locations	>10
Generation time	20 years
Population trends - % decline	< 10 %
Time / Rate (Yrs./ Generation)	3 generations
Population distribution	Contiguous
Data Quality	General field studies & Literature
Recent field studies	BSI District survey, Kshirsagar (2000) Raigad Mahajan (1990 – 2000) Malshej Ghat
Threats	Hm – Harvest for medicine, Ov – Over exploitation I – Human interference
Other comments	-----
Status: IUCN	LC – Least Concern
Criteria based on	Not applicable
CITES	No
Presence in Protected Areas	Yes
Research Recommendations	T – Taxonomic and morphological genetic studies
Management Recommendations	----
Cultivation Recommendations Level of difficulty	Level 3 Least difficult
Sources	Flora of Nagpur by Ugemuge Flora of Akola, S.Y. Kamble & S.G. Pradhan Flora of Yavatmal, S. Karthikeyan & Anand Kumar Flora of Buldhana, P.G. Diwakar & B.D. Sharma Flora of Maharashtra state Dicotyledones, N.P. Singh & S. Karthikeyan, Flora of Ahemadnagar, S.G.Pradhan & Singh Flora of Mahabaleshwar, S.Deshpande et al Flora of Raigad, M. J. Kothari and S. Moorthy Flora of Bombay Presidency, Cooke Tropical Indian Medicinal Plants, Sumy, Ved & Krishnan
Compilers	Bhogaonkar P., Bhuskute S., Das Das, Diwakar P., Giri R., Karant M., Khandwai G., Kulkarni M., Lakshminarasimhan P., Padhye M., Patwardhan A., Rao K., Tiwari V., Vivarekar N.