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Species (& synonyms) |
Michelia champaca L. |
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Vernacular name |
Sampige (Kan.); Chempakam (Mal.); Shenbagam (Tam.) |
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Family |
MAGNOLIACEAE |
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Taxonomic status |
Species |
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Habit |
Tree |
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Habitat |
Moist
deciduous to evergreen forests |
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Original global
distribution |
Indo-China,
Indo-malesia, Java. |
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Current regional
distribution |
Karnataka,
Kerala and Tamil Nadu |
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- Elevation (m) |
Up
to 1200 m |
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- Range (km2) |
>
20,000 (KA) |
<
500 (KL) |
>
20,000 (TN) |
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- Area occupied (km2) |
<
100 (KA) |
<
10 (KL) |
<
1,000 (TN) |
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- No. of locations |
Few,
severely fragmented (KA) |
2
(KL) |
Many,
fragmented (TN) |
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Population Trends |
|
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- % decline |
>
20 (KA) |
<
10 (KL) |
>
20 (TN) |
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- Time/Rate (years or
generations) |
3
generations |
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- No. of mature individuals |
Not
assessed (KA) |
Not
assessed (KL) |
Many
(TN) |
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Global population |
Not
assessed |
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Regional population |
|
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Data quality |
General
field studies, informal sightings and indirect observation. |
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Recent field studies |
C.G.Kushalappa
(1998), Makut; J.L.Ellis (1959), Abbey falls; T.Ananda Rao (1998), Sampaje;
K.Ravikumar, G.S.Goraya, P.S.Udayan and S.P.Subramani (1997-98), Kudremukha,
Talacauveri MPCAs; P.S.Udayan and R.Ganesan (1997-98), BRT Hills (KA). N.Sasidharan (1995),
Nelliyampathy and Thekkady; A.G.Pandurangan (1995), Idukki (KL). M.B.Viswanathan (1992-95), Kolli
Hills and Courtallum; K.Ravikumar (1988), READS MPCP and Kolli hills MPCA. |
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Threats |
Harvest
for medicine (Hm), Loss of habitat (L), Trade of parts (Tp). |
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Trade |
Local,
commercial |
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Other comments |
Used
in all traditional system of medicines and in folk. Flowers are traded for
extraction of essential oil. Vegetative propagation by budding. Poor
regeneration. Proportion global population in Tamil Nadu < 1%. |
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Status |
|
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-IUCN: |
EN (KA) |
LRnt (KL) |
VU (TN) |
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- Criteria based on |
Extent
of occurrence (B1,2b) – KA Population
reduction (A1a.c) – TN |
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- CITES |
No |
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- IWPA (1972; 91) |
No |
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- National legialation |
Not in negative list of exports
(Notification 2 (RE-98) dt 13.4.98, 1997-2002) |
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Recommendations |
|
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- Research management |
Monitoring
(M), Limiting factors research (Lr), Habitat Management (Hm), Husbandry
research (H), and Regeneration studies (O). |
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- P.H.V.A. |
No |
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Cultivation prog.
recommendations |
|
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- Cultivation |
Level
3 (research) |
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- Level of difficulty |
Level
1 (Least difficult) |
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Existing cultivation |
Yes |
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- Names of facilities |
Large
scale planting in urban areas and forests by Forest Departments. Traditional
plantings in homesteads. |
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Previous assessment |
VU (Regionally), DD
(Globally) in Camp II (Feb 96) compiled by S.S.R.Bennet, V.Chelladurai,
R.J.R.Daniels, C.G.Kushalappa, Michael Maunder, A.G.Pandurangan, Purshottam
Singh, V.S.Ramachandran, S.R.Ramesh, K.Ravikumar, Sally Walker, Sanjay Molur,
N.Sasidharan, B.V.Shetty, M.Sivadasan, D.K.Ved, Vinay Tandon,
M.B.Viswanathan. |
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Sources |
P.S.Udayan,
N.Sasidharan, T.Ananda Rao, J.L.Ellis, C.G.Kushalappa, M.B.Viswanathan,
C.R.Jawahar, K.Ravikumar, D.Narasimhan (persn. observn.). |
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Compilers |
M.Abdul
Kareem, M.Ahmedullah, T.Ananda Rao, N.Anil Kumar, Anjali Wadehra, Anjana
Mudappa, S.Aroumougame, S.S.R.Bennet, Dasappa, J.L.Ellis, K.R.Geetha,
R.Gopalan, B.Gurudev Singh, V.P.Hiremath, V.Irudayaraj, Jagat Ram,
C.R.Jawahar, P.John Jebaraj, C.G.Kushalappa, Mohan Karnat, N.Mohanan,
K.N.Murthy, D.Narasimhan, M.P.Nayar, S.Noorunnisa Begum, A.G.Pandurangan
V.Prabhakaran, V.S.Ramachandran, S.R.Ramesh, K.Ravikumar, Sanjay Molur, N.Sasidharan,
A.E.Shanawaz Khan, C.Seema, Y.N.Seetharam, B.V.Shetty, B.S.Somashekhar,
T.S.Srinivasa Murthy, D.Stephen, Subhash Mali, S.P.Subramani, T.S.Suma, Sumy
Oommen, D.Suresh Baburaj, M.H.Swaminath, P.S.Udayan, D.K.Ved, Vinay Tandon,
M.B.Viswanathan. |
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